寧靜的心跡 (10) 運用批判式思維

批判式思維不是逆向思維，而是一種更理性的思考方式。實際上，只有運用批判式思維，我們才能全面地分析事物，所以對我們的行動特別有幫助。透過深入分析、評估和推論來發現和解決問題，批判式思維可以幫助我們進一步理解世界，提升決策能力，有效率地處理日常事務。

例如，在做出重要決策之前，我們需要考慮各種可能的後果或影響，並分析每個選項的優點和缺點。或者，我們在日常生活中遇到困難，需要尋找導致問題的關鍵因素。這些情況都需要運用批判式思維，因為它能夠幫助我們更好地解決問題，得到滿意的結果。

運用批判式思維，我們可以確認證據的可靠度、比較不同立場的價值、評估不同的假設或解釋、檢驗邏輯是否合理和一致等。如果每次思考都能這樣做，我們就可以減少犯錯的機會。

批判式思維的本質是科學和理性，其中包括懷疑精神和求真精神。對於一個觀點或陳述，我們先假設它是正確的，然後尋找反例。這就是懷疑精神。然而，求真精神要求所尋求的反例必須是客觀存在的，而不是我們的主觀想像。因此，所有研究都依賴批判式思維，否則其結果將是不可靠的。

我們也需要意識到，批判式思維會妨礙觀察和分析自己的感受。這時候，我們很容易陷入過度的懷疑，而無法真正進入自己的內心世界。我們的內心蘊藏著一個主觀的情感世界。因此，分析這部份需要更多的信賴和放鬆，讓內心的信念來引導我們的探索。

情感與現實是兩個不同的世界，所以我們需要採取不同的研究方法。我們首先運用同情心，以寬容和尊重的態度感受自己或別人的需求。然後運用同理心和批判式思維進行分析，以準確理解甚麼對生命真正有益。

批判式思維是一種非常有效的思考方式，但在運用時，我們仍需融入同情心和同理心。對自己的發現保持開放和接受，並不斷更新我們的思想。這樣，在批判式思維的幫助下，我們就能更快地培養意識。

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11. 超越自我的控制 (下一篇)

目錄

The path to Tranquility (10)
Using critical thinking

Critical thinking is not reverse thinking, but a more rational way of thinking. In fact, only by using critical thinking can we analyze things comprehensively, so it is particularly helpful for our actions. Through in-depth analysis, evaluation and inference to identify and solve problems, critical thinking can help us further understand the world, improve decision-making capabilities, and handle daily affairs efficiently.

For example, before making an important decision, we need to consider various possible consequences or impacts and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each option. Or, we encounter difficulties in our daily lives and need to find the key factors causing the problem. These situations require the use of critical thinking because it can help us solve problems better and achieve satisfactory results.

Using critical thinking, we can confirm the reliability of evidence, compare the values ​​of different positions, evaluate different hypotheses or explanations, check whether the logic is reasonable and consistent, and so on. Every time we think, we should use this thinking method, otherwise it will be full of errors and omissions.

The essence of critical thinking is science and rationality, which includes the spirit of doubt and truth-seeking. For an idea or statement, we first assume it is true and then look for counterexamples. This is the spirit of skepticism. However, the spirit of truth-seeking requires that the counterexamples sought must exist objectively and not be our subjective imagination. Therefore, all research relies on critical thinking, otherwise its results will be unreliable.

We also need to be aware that critical thinking can get in the way of observing and analyzing our own feelings. At this time, we can easily fall into excessive doubt and fail to truly enter our inner world. Our hearts contain a subjective emotional world. Therefore, analyzing this part requires more reliance and relaxation, and let our inner beliefs guide our exploration.

Emotion and reality are two different worlds, so we need to adopt different research methods. We begin by using compassion, feeling our own or others' needs with tolerance and respect. Then analyze using empathy and critical thinking to understand exactly what is truly good for life.

Critical thinking is a very effective way of thinking, but we still need to incorporate compassion and empathy when using it. Be open and receptive to our own discoveries and continually renew our minds. In this way, with the help of critical thinking, we can develop consciousness faster.

On May 10, 2023